えぇと、ちょっとはっきりとは分からないのですが、端末から、
$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
と実行したときにたぶんエラーが出力されると思うので、それを全部貼り付けてみてください。
それと、その状態でも Synaptic はまともに動く感じですか？
つまり、何かアプリのインストールやアンインストールが正常に出来るか、と言うことですが。
あと、/var/lib/dpkg/info ディレクトリに、
linux-image-2.6.31-19-generic の最後に、postinst や postrm や preinst や prerm といった拡張子が付いたファイルがありますか？
もしあれば、それらを削除することで問題が解決するかも知れません。

「sudo dpkg --configure -a」の結果ともう一つ、「linux-image-2.6.31-19-generic」パッケージを削除したのかも関係するかもしれませんので、その有無もお願いします。（削除しているということであれば、initramfs-tools絡みのエラーではないかと思うのですが）

depmodがモジュールを読む際にファイルの先頭4バイト(MAGIC)と先頭から6バイト目(エンディアン)をチェックしているのですが、
そのチェックで引っかかっているようです。

下記のコードを実行して結果を張り付けてください。

$ od -t c -N 16 /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/scsi/advansys.ko

出力が下記のようになっていなければファイルが壊れていると思われます。

0000000 177   E   L   F 001 001
0000006

ディスクの空き容量は十分でしょうか。

$ df -m

を実行して空き容量を確認してください。
空き容量が少ない場合は、不要なファイルを削除して容量を確保してください。
空き容量が問題なければ下記のコードを実行してください。

ダウンロードしたファイルが壊れてた可能性があるので、
キャッシュをクリアした上で再インストールを実行してください。

$ sudo apt-get clean
$ sudo apt-get install --reinstall linux-image-2.6.31-19-generic

再インストールしてみましたがうまくいかないようです。よろしくお願いします
以下ログです

sudo apt-get install --reinstall linux-image-2.6.31-19-generic

パッケージリストを読み込んでいます... 完了
依存関係ツリーを作成しています               
状態情報を読み取っています... 完了
ダウンロードできないため、linux-image-2.6.31-19-generic の再インストールは不可能です。
以下のパッケージが自動でインストールされましたが、もう必要とされていません:
  linux-headers-2.6.31-14 linux-headers-2.6.32-21 ttf-sazanami-mincho sdparm
  linux-headers-2.6.32-21-generic linux-headers-2.6.31-14-generic
これらを削除するには 'apt-get autoremove' を利用してください。
アップグレード: 0 個、新規インストール: 0 個、削除: 0 個、保留: 0 個。
1 個のパッケージが完全にインストールまたは削除されていません。
この操作後に追加で 0B のディスク容量が消費されます。
linux-image-2.6.31-19-generic (2.6.31-19.56) を設定しています ...
Running depmod.
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/scsi/advansys.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/scsi/aic94xx/aic94xx.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/mtd/ubi/ubi.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/slip.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/lance.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/pppol2tp.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/ali-ircc.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/actisys-sir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/mcp2120-sir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/stir4200.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/irtty-sir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/tekram-sir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/sir-dev.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/donauboe.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/w83977af_ir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/smsc-ircc2.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/act200l-sir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/nsc-ircc.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/litelink-sir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/mcs7780.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/vlsi_ir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/ks959-sir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/old_belkin-sir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/ma600-sir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/ksdazzle-sir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/via-ircc.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/irda-usb.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/toim3232-sir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/kingsun-sir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/irda/girbil-sir.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/macvlan.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/hso.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/pegasus.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/rndis_host.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/gl620a.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/asix.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/net1080.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/catc.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/cdc-phonet.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/dm9601.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/cdc_eem.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/mcs7830.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/cdc_ether.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/kaweth.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/cdc_subset.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/rtl8150.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/int51x1.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/usb/plusb.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/sis900.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ne3210.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/smsc9420.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/netconsole.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tun.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/lne390.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/starfire.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_fdx.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_ser_hdx.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/hamradio/scc.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/hamradio/mkiss.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_par.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/hamradio/hdlcdrv.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/hamradio/bpqether.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/hamradio/yam.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/hamradio/6pack.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/hamradio/baycom_epp.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ne2.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/r8169.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ne2k-pci.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/seeq8005.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/qlge/qlge.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ppp_synctty.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/smc-ultra32.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/fealnx.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/s2io.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/forcedeth.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ewrk3.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/sc92031.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/smc9194.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ppp_mppe.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/sis190.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ks8851.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/igb/igb.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/myri10ge/myri10ge.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/eth16i.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/pppox.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tlan.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ibmlana.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ppp_deflate.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/bnx2x.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/eql.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/typhoon.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/epic100.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tg3.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/hp.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/sb1000.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tokenring/lanstreamer.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tokenring/tmspci.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tokenring/olympic.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tokenring/abyss.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tokenring/proteon.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tokenring/ibmtr.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tokenring/smctr.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tokenring/tms380tr.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tokenring/skisa.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tokenring/madgemc.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tokenring/3c359.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/hp-plus.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/netxen/netxen_nic.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/natsemi.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ipg.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wimax/i2400m/i2400m.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/pppoe.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ks8842.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/airo.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/hostap/hostap.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/arlan.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/b43/b43.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/ath/ath5k/ath5k.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ixgb/ixgb.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/pcnet32.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/sunhme.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/e1000/e1000.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ni65.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/skge.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/hamachi.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ni52.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/jme.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/sky2.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/smc-mca.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/mii.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/lp486e.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ns83820.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/8139too.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/e1000e/e1000e.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/bnx2.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/smc-ultra.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/sungem_phy.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/skfp/skfp.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tehuti.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/cxgb3/cxgb3.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/plip.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/bonding/bonding.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tulip/winbond-840.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tulip/uli526x.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tulip/dmfe.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tulip/de4x5.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tulip/xircom_cb.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tulip/tulip.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/tulip/de2104x.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ifb.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/sundance.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/mlx4/mlx4_en.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/hp100.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/niu.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/rrunner.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/pcmcia/pcnet_cs.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/pcmcia/3c589_cs.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/pcmcia/fmvj18x_cs.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/pcmcia/com20020_cs.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/pcmcia/smc91c92_cs.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/pcmcia/xirc2ps_cs.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/pcmcia/ibmtr_cs.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/pcmcia/axnet_cs.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/pcmcia/nmclan_cs.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/pcmcia/3c574_cs.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/chelsio/cxgb.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/igbvf/igbvf.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ne.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/es3210.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ppp_async.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/mdio.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/qla3xxx.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ixgbe/ixgbe.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/sungem.ko: Exec format error
WARNING: Can't read module /lib/modules/2.6.31-19-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ethoc.ko: Exec format error
Failed to run depmod
dpkg: linux-image-2.6.31-19-generic の処理中にエラーが発生しました (--configure):
サブプロセス installed post-installation script はエラー終了ステータス 1 を返しました
以下のパッケージの処理中にエラーが発生しました:
linux-image-2.6.31-19-generic
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

ありがとうございました
$ sudo apt-get remove --purge linux-image-2.6.31-19-generic

のコマンドで本日のアップデートも問題なくできました